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Pregnancy: Category x. Rule out pregnancy before initiating or continuing OCs and always consider it if withdrawal bleeding does not occur.
If pregnancy is confirmed, apprise the patient of the potential risks to the fetus.
Lactation: Combination OCs given in the postpartum period may interfere with lactation, decreasing the quantity and quality of breast milk. Furthermore, a small amount of OC steroids is excreted in breast milk.
If possible, defer use until the infant has been weaned.
